textual evidence, but it is also unwise to broaden terms when the texts do not permit that. In “trials of any kind” one might think James has everything and anything in mind, but the text is not this general.40 James mentions these manifestations of persecution: stresses connected to economic poverty (1:9, 27; 2:15–16), favoritism for the wealthy and against the poor (2:1–4, 9), economic abuse and injustice (2:5–7), blasphemy of Jesus Christ by those with sufficient political power (2:7), and economic
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